No. 44
October 21, 2025
U.S. Presidency's "War from Within"
• Trump Provokes Military Confrontations
as Danger of
Open Civil War Intensifies
• Workers
Respond to Government Shutdown by
Defending Jobs, Public
Services and Wages
•
Rights Defenders in Texas Denounce
Federal "Terrorism" Charges
• Chicagoans Denounce Vicious Government Raid Aimed at Terrorizing Black Community
• Immigration and Customs Enforcement Increases Spying for Repression of Protesters and Immigrants
• Government Black Site "Alligator
Alcatraz"
Disappearing Hundreds
U.S. Presidency's "War from Within"
Trump Provokes Military Confrontations as
Danger
of Open Civil War Intensifies
Protests
in Portland, OR, October 2025
The U.S. Presidency's attempt to control the factions competing for power within the United States gives rise to extreme violence against the people, as can be seen in the vicious attacks against the working class and people and society itself currently taking place. The people are fighting back with courage, determination, organization and the cause of justice on their side.
The office of the presidency, with all its policing agencies and military, is again provoking conflicts with the states, in the name of what Trump has called the "war from within." He called for National Guard in Oregon to be mobilized to Portland, against the demands of the Governor and Mayor that no troops be sent. When a judge ruled that Trump could not use Oregon National Guard, he tried to send them from California, a slap at California Governor Newsom. The court ruled no National Guard from any state could be sent to Oregon. California joined Oregon in their lawsuit.
On October 15, the judge extended the restraining order blocking use of any National Guard troops for two more weeks. The government has appealed the ruling. The 9th Circuit Court of Appeals overturned the first lower court ruling, but the second against any Guard deployment is still in place so troops cannot yet be deployed. Two hundred Oregon National Guard remain on standby near Portland. Trump could defy the court order, as he has done with other rulings in the past.
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Trump has also sent Texas National Guard to Chicago, with about 400 troops arriving October 6. United mass actions took place on short notice October 8, and another larger demonstration took place on October 10, demanding ICE and Troops Out! An even larger protest of more than 275,000 took place October 18, as Chicagoans joined No King's Day!
Responding to a lawsuit brought by Illinois Governor JB Pritzker and Chicago Mayor Brandon Johnson, a federal judge ruled that no National Guard troops could be deployed in Chicago or anywhere in Illinois and issued a temporary restraining order. The 7th Circuit Court of Appeals unanimously upheld the ruling October 16, saying "political opposition is not rebellion," the main argument being used by Trump, including also calling protests an "insurrection." However, the rulings do not require the hundreds of Texas National Guard stationed near Chicago to return home.
On October 17, Trump called on the Supreme Court to intervene to allow troop deployment in Chicago, hoping that will also open the door to deployment elsewhere. Solicitor General D. John Sauer filed an emergency appeal. On October 19, on Fox News, Trump again threatened, “Don’t forget I can use the Insurrection Act,” adding "that’s unquestioned power." On October 20 the Supreme Court heard arguments from Illinois and Chicago calling to uphold the ruling against deployment, but has not yet ruled.
As an indication of the level of impunity and brutality currently used against protesters and immigrant workers by ICE and other federal agents, the judge ruling on Chicago, ordered that federal agents must wear identification and that tear gas and other "riot control weapons" could not be used without giving two warnings to protesters. When the order was not followed, she ordered agents to wear body cameras. She also ruled that federal agents could not require journalists to leave public spaces or use tear gas and similar weapons on the press or clergy.
Demonstrators are not relying on the courts to defend them but instead continue to organize based on self-reliance, including more rapid response teams and community and Facebook networks.
Trump is provoking these confrontations against the states. This is indicative of trying to use the federal government to maintain the unity of the country and the military when conditions are intensifying for open violent civil war.
Stephen Miller, Trump's deputy chief of staff, said on X, "The deployment of troops is an absolute necessity to defend our personnel, our laws, our government, public order and the Republic itself." Indicating that Trump may defy the judge's order for Oregon he said, "The President is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces, not an Oregon judge."
While the Governors of California, Illinois, and Oregon are relying solely on the courts, the Mayor of Chicago, Brandon Johnson, has responded to Trump's challenge, reflecting the increasing contention among different local, state, and federal authorities. He issued an executive order forbidding ICE and other federal agencies from conducting raids on city property, which they have been doing. This includes city parking lots, libraries, schools, and parks. He also created signs for any businesses, nonprofits, and faith-based institutions to declare their grounds off limits for "civil immigration enforcement." This is part of defending Chicago's sanctuary city status, which means local police cannot aid ICE and other federal agencies.
Mayor Johnson said, for any acting against the order, "It's a crime. Here's the thing, anyone who commits a crime should be charged." However, countering the mayor and consistent with local police aiding ICE across the country, including suppressing protest, Chicago Police Superintendent Larry Snelling said, "We do not interfere with the duties and responsibilities of federal agents," and none would be arrested.
Legally, Trump cannot federalize National Guard forces, which are state based, without the governor's consent. But in these cases, the governors are choosing not to take command of their National Guard to order them to stand down, as they are legally and militarily able to do. Trump is testing them for just such a challenge, and to see if the military officers heading the state National Guard will submit to his orders when they are contrary to the governor. So far, the commanding officers have done so, the governors have submitted and are instead relying on the courts and local police are aiding the federal forces.
What is clear to all those standing up and speaking in their own name, demanding Troops and ICE Out of Our Cities! is that the constitution, the courts, federal, state and local governments, being a citizen, or having documentation provide no protection. The people everywhere are proclaiming, We the People Protect Ourselves!
Demonstration by veterans
in Portland, OR, October 6, 2025
No Kings Day
October
18, 2025: Millions Stand Up to Express Demand for a
Country
Which Upholds the Rights of All
Washington, DC
In every U.S. state and Washington, DC, in 2,600
cities and towns large and small, on October 18, many millions of
people took their stand for rights -- the rights of
immigrants, federal workers, women, youth and students and all those
currently subject to state attacks. They gave expression to the demand
of people everywhere for a new direction for the country. The massive
size, estimated at 5-7 million, with people from all walks of life, is
an indication of the level of anger with the dysfunction of government,
Congress, and the presidency. The brutality of troops and Immigration
and Customs Enforcement (ICE) in the streets and the government
shutdown were among the targets. This was expressed in many ways,
including calls to Abolish ICE! No Troops in Our Streets!
Unite, Fight for Workers' Rights! If You're Not Anti-Fascist, What Are
You? Signs were against war, for protection of the
environment and many more. People also wore inflatable frog and similar
costumes to mock the government claim that those demonstrating were
"terrorists."
Speakers represented all shades
of opinion, including the promotion of reliance on elections to bring
about change despite the dysfunction of the electoral system. But the
protestors spoke in their own name, reflected in the many hand-made
signs, underscoring that the current resistance to the state-organized
attacks is based on self-reliance and demands for a country and
government that uphold the rights of all at home and abroad and protect
Mother Earth. It is for a country where a new direction means
empowerment of the people themselves to govern and decide, fully aware
that they can do a much better job of governance. As one sign
representing the broad sentiment made clear: Not from the
Left, Not from the Right! We Are Coming from the Bottom for Those on
the Top! It is clear that in the U.S., the battle is on.
Boston, MA
Plymouth, MA
Pittsburgh, PA
Harrisburg, PA
New
York City
Washington, DC
Durham,
NC
Highlands, NC
Cincinnati, OH
Montgomery, AL
Chicago, IL
New Orleans, LA
Kansas
City, KS
Houston,
TX
El Paso, TX
Denver, CO
Boise,
ID
Portland,
OR
Oakland, CA
San
Francisco, CA
Los Angeles, CA
Anchorage, AK
(Photos: @jamiesomma, Portland PSL, ladyj2025, @fightforaunion.bsky.social, @deobjmack, PO3SMITH, mauraquint.bsky.social, blanchehudson.bsky.social, B. Burton, craigstamper.bsky.social, Whitney sur l’asteroide, turntexasblue.bsky.social, dc2daylight.bsky.social, derekmay.bsky.social, annaleen.bsky.social, seiu.org, gorubenruben.bsky.social)
Workers Respond to Government Shutdown by Defending Jobs, Public Services and Wages
The shutdown of the U.S. government has entered its third week. The House of Representatives is not even in session, with House leader Mike Johnson saying, "there is nothing to negotiate." The Senate remains unable to pass a "continuing resolution" to fund the government at least through November, failing daily to do so since October 1. President Trump continues to act in a manner which maintains the shutdown, calling it an "unprecedented opportunity" for restructuring the government and mass firings. Trump has been meeting with the head of the Office of Management and Budget Russ Vought, of PROJECT 2025 Fame."
On October 10, Vought attempted to fire 4,100 federal workers, already on lay off. He said on October 15, that more than 10,000 will be fired. "We want to be very aggressive where we can be in shuttering the bureaucracy -- not just the funding," Vought said. "We now have an opportunity to do that." That same day, a federal judge issued a temporary restraining order that bars the presidency from moving ahead with any firings. The judge was responding to a lawsuit by the American Federation of Government Employees (AFGE) and the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), saying the firings were illegal. It remains to be seen if Trump will defy the ruling.
In addition to firings, Trump has persisted in saying that the almost 700,000 federal workers now laid off will not get paid for the days lost during the shutdown, which has been the case in the past. As AFGE President Everett Kelley put it, "They're calling this a shutdown, but in actuality, this is an employee lockout. These employees are being locked out of their jobs." Responding to Trump's threat not to pay workers when the shutdown ends, potentially including those working and not getting paid, Kelley said, "On behalf of the 820,000 federal employees AFGE represents, we are demanding that the Trump administration abide by the law and pay its workers." He added, "The threat to not pay federal employees is cruel, anti-worker, and illegal."
AFGE continues to organize local
protests, providing signs and leaflets for federal workers across the
country who are standing up to defend the public services they provide
and denounce the mass firings. They demand Stop the
Shutdown! Fund the Government! Stand, Unite, Fight for Workers' Rights!
Workers are speaking in their own name, denouncing Congress for its
failure to fund social services and all the vital programs needed by
the people. In addition to local actions, AFGE mobilized their members
to participate en masse in the more than 2,600
actions held across all 50 states and Washington, DC in the second No
Kings Day! on October 18.
The union has also developed a Mutual Aid Network, including food banks and other resources, to support workers while they are laid off. They also provide unemployment information, which the government makes difficult to secure when the situation is only temporary.
Sick-Ins by Airport Workers
The threat of withholding wages also involves all those considered essential who are working, but without pay. This includes air traffic controllers, those providing warnings and emergency relief for hurricanes, floods, wildfires and more. Many of these departments have already cut staff and the additional shortages being imposed are dangerous for the workers and the public.
Air traffic controllers are among those calling in sick to protest insufficient staffing and in support of fellow federal workers. The sick-ins combined with staff cuts meant the Federal Aviation Administration reported staffing shortages at airports in Nashville, Boston, Dallas, Chicago, and Philadelphia, and at its air traffic control centers in Atlanta, Houston and the Dallas-Fort Worth area, October 6-7. Staff shortages were reported for Washington, DC, Denver, Newark, and Orlando airports on October 8. Actions continue and Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy admitted that staffing shortages among the country's 13,000 air traffic controllers meant 53 per cent of flights are being delayed, compared to five per cent normally.
Nick Daniels, president of the National Air Traffic Controllers Association, said even before the shutdown the national airspace system was critically understaffed and relied on outdated equipment that tends to fail. The shutdown makes the situation even worse. Controllers are demanding that at least 3,000 more people be hired to provide the staffing and safety needed.
Similarly, the 50,000 Transportation Security Administration (TSA) screeners are working without pay during the shutdown. To protest the untenable position they are put in, with bills to pay and no paycheck, many are also organizing sick-ins. Fifty of 250 TSA officers -- roughly one in five -- who were scheduled to work in the region that includes seven mid-Atlantic states and the District of Columbia called in sick October 6 and similar numbers did October 7. New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport saw 400 TSA officers collectively have a sick-in, October 4-5. These actions continue.
Air traffic controllers and TSA workers are concerned about the safety of passengers and crews and their own well-being given insufficient staffing and the stress and insecurity of not knowing if they will be paid or fired or both. "Childcare does not take IOUs. Gasoline does not take IOUs. Your house payments do not take IOUs. And sometimes it becomes very difficult to maintain focus on the mission when you're trying to figure out how you're going to get to and from work," said one angry TSA worker in Texas.
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Federal Environmental
Protection Agency workers oppose layoffs Most government departments are being impacted, some more than others. For example, the Environmental Protection Agency, already contending with staffing cuts, laid off 13,432 workers, about 90 per cent of its workforce. Only 1,734 people are still on the job. The Department of Education laid off 87 per cent of its staff. In March, half of its workers had already been fired. It is one of the departments where more mass firings are likely to occur. More than half of the workforce at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have been laid off -- 8,700 people. Already 1,500 are being threatened with being fired.
The Department of Labor is another one where massive layoffs have occurred, which could still become mass firings. More than 9,700 of the agency's 12,916 employees are on layoff. Only 3,141 remain at work, with most limited to emergency functions. As is the case with other departments, most of their enforcement, oversight, and support work has been suspended, including that for occupational health and safety inspections at workplaces, mine safety and more. As a union representative emphasized, "No wage theft investigations, no safety inspections, no checks on retirement plans, and no protections for working families. This shutdown is an attack on workers and hurts everybody."
While it is clear to everyone across the country that Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and other federal policing agencies are fully staffed and spending millions on illegal raids, and hundreds of millions more are being spent for National Guard deployments and detention camps, the entire workforce at the Office of Detention Oversight at ICE has been laid off. They are the only ones to do inspections of detention camps and are required by law to inspect every location once a year.
ICE already has a record 61,000 people in detention camps. The elimination of oversight is taking place when hunger strikes and lawsuits are condemning GEO and CoreCivic, private prison monopolies running the camps, for their horrendous conditions. These include overcrowding, lack of medical care, inedible food, and the use of solitary confinement. The two companies are responsible for 90 per cent of people detained. Even with the shutdown, dozens of new contracts are being signed with ICE, including one for CoreCivic to hold 2,160 people at a former prison in Oklahoma.
Federal workers are being supported by the public and there is widespread anger with the dysfunctional Congress. Workers everywhere are rejecting getting embroiled in the false blaming game of the politicians and instead working to strengthen and broaden the organized resistance, including planning for the nationwide actions October 18 and the many in Chicago, DC, Los Angeles, Memphis and Portland demanding ICE and Troops Out of Our Cities!
(Photos: AFGE 704, NATCA)
Rights Defenders in Texas Denounce Federal "Terrorism" Charges
Actions denouncing the arrests and imprisonment of people who protested Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raids and detention continue in the Dallas-Fort Worth area. On October 3, there was a demonstration in support of the 17 people arrested in relation to a July 4 demonstration against ICE at the Prairieland Detention Center in Alvarado, Texas. The 17 have been held since July, contending with solitary confinement and bail of up to $10 million. They did not even have arraignments until September 24, something which usually happens within days. A few secured bail and the rest were sent to a jail in Wichita Falls, 225 kilometres away.
Organizing continues, at the detention centre and in surrounding communities, with Dallas-Fort Worth activists saying, "We will build a wall of resistance and resilience against the State's efforts to dismantle our movements."
To further terrorize the people, on October 15, federal prosecutors in Texas filed federal "terrorism" charges against two of the people arrested in July, saying they are part of what the government calls "antifa." This is the first time federal "terrorism" charges, which carry heavier sentences, have been used against protesters. Some of the 17 arrested face state-level "terrorism" and attempted murder charges.
In justifying the arrests and charges, the claims made by the federal government about what took place are dubious and filled with inconsistencies. Organizers brought out that the July 4 Prairieland protest involved about a dozen people, who made noise and set off some fireworks at the detention centre to express their solidarity with the workers detained inside. Federal officers called local police to the scene. The shooting took place afterward, with an exchange of gunfire between an Alvarado police officer and one other person. The FBI admits they do not know if the officer fired first. The government also admits there are more than 200 FBI agents involved in this case, far more than normal for a single shooting involving minor injuries. Their role, like that of ICE, is to intimidate and repress resistance.
Nine people in the area were arrested later that night and early next morning. Other people were arrested in the days that followed, including during aggressive multi-agency raids on homes and community centres. Agents deployed flashbang grenades, caused extensive damage, and detained spouses, family members, and housemates without cause. Those arrested include partners and roommates who likely never set foot in Alvarado.
The two people facing federal terrorism charges are not being charged with shooting the officer or even being involved in the shooting. Instead, Zachary Evetts and Autumn Hill are being accused of "providing material support to terrorists" and having "aided and abetted" the alleged attempted murder of government officers. They were not arrested at the detention centre that night but only in one of the later raids.
The federal charges are consistent with President Donald Trump's recent executive orders targeting resistance to ICE and to the impunity of the government as it eliminates use of domestic law and imposes conditions of war. Protesters, immigrant workers, students, and community members are broadly being branded as "enemies" to be arbitrarily detained and arrested, to face federal "terrorism" charges and to be deported.
Trump and the FBI are branding people as being part of "antifa," which Trump designated as a "terrorist" organization, even though it is known, and admitted by the government, that it does not exist as a unified, national organization. What is also known is that the stand of being anti-fascist is being used to target the movements of the people for their rights.
The arrests and treatment of those involved and the communities raided have been denounced by various organizations standing in support, including the National Lawyers Guild. The Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) Support Committee -- organized to defend those arrested, raise legal defence funds and continue actions against ICE -- has provided support since the July arrests and continues to denounce government actions and attacks on the community. In a statement, the DFW Support Committe brings out: "The glaring inconsistencies in the official narrative and the alarmist accusations are a clear attempt to bolster the Trump administration's claims that the United States is on the verge of chaos, and to excuse a dramatic increase in militarized police action." They add, "This systematic demolition of our freedoms cannot be stopped by appeasement and capitulation. Those who face this state terror deserve our support, not silence. This is a historic moment; the future is yet unwritten. What we know for sure is that the best chance for all of us to live full and free lives is to join together and be brave."
(Photo: spacecityao)
Chicagoans Denounce Vicious Government Raid Aimed at Terrorizing Black Community
March October 1, 2025,
in downtown Chicago
In a military-style night raid with drones, helicopters and flashbang grenades, vanloads of federal agents, masked and in riot gear -- guns and rifles drawn -- attacked a Black community on Chicago's south side, home to most of the city's Black population. The flashbangs shocked people awake with loud bangs while also emitting blinding light. About 300 agents surrounded and then stormed an apartment complex with 130 units and emptied the building. Women and children were taken from their beds, zip-tied and then left standing outside for hours or detained for hours at a public school taken over by the federal forces. No warrants, no warning, just an all-out raid. Residents themselves sensed the military nature of the raid, condemning the war zone purposely created and being treated as "enemy combatants."
Agents from several agencies, including Customs and Border Patrol (CBP), Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), and the FBI treated residents as if they were guilty of a crime -- interrogating them, demanding documentation, and detaining people whatever their status, it did not matter. People were forced to pull up their shirts or nightgowns as agents worked to humiliate everyone under the guise of looking for tattoos. Some people remain missing, with residents fearing they have been disappeared, as has occurred with other government raids.
Apartments were ransacked, furniture destroyed, windows broken, toys smashed, all in the name of finding individuals connected with the group Tren de Aragua, from Venezuela, with little known presence in Chicago. It was known that some people from Venezuela seeking asylum had been given housing in the area by the federal government. They were made targets and simply their existence as Venezuelans was used to justify the raid.
In a community more than 90 per cent Black, this racist attack was recognized for what it was: an effort to further terrorize and intimidate the people of metro Chicago and its large Black community, 1.6 million, known for its militancy. It was also another slap at Venezuela and an effort to say the problems concerning immigration are foreign based -- including a claimed "foreign invasion" -- to justify these raids and use of the National Guard and military. Daily experience is making clear the problem is the government demanding that these brutal racist policing agencies carry out completely lawless raids, detentions, and deportations.
ICE Out of Illinois
rally, October 3, 2025
The presidency is using these raids as joint live war exercises to eliminate any humanity among the policing forces and ensure they will carry out the lawless orders. Meanwhile it is attempting to divide and terrorize the people into submission as Trump organizes to eliminate the "enemy within."
Protests immediately took place in the community and downtown, denouncing the raid and demanding ICE Out of Chicago! These continue daily as people stand united in defence of the rights of all.
(Photos: Block Club CHI, Mo Ryan)
Immigration and Customs
Enforcement
Increases Spying for Repression of
Protesters and Immigrants
Immigration and
Customs Enforcement (ICE) has rapidly increased its ability to spy on,
harass and arrest protesters and immigrant workers guilty of no crime.
Technologies purchased by ICE in recent weeks include spyware that can
hack into smartphones remotely and monitor contacts and social media
posts. Cellphone location software now allows ICE to track a person's
movements without the required court warrant.
Facial recognition software and an iris-scanning app have also been purchased for use in the field. ICE said the software would be used to investigate what it calls "assaults against law enforcement officers," meaning protesters defending people and standing against ICE. This is further evident in the expansion of the fleet of small, remote-controlled drones, which ICE uses to film protesters. ICE is also planning a social media monitoring hub for platforms like Facebook, WhatsApp, and TikTok to collect information on people and organizations without their knowledge, consent or any crime committed.
None of this is for immigration enforcement, but for waging more brutal, illegal raids of whole communities and repression of demonstrations, including unjust detentions and arrests. It is further indication that more government lawlessness is being sanctioned and unleashed.
President Trump, exercising police powers, gave ICE the green light for increasing such actions when he issued an executive order branding the on-going resistance to ICE and military forces as "domestic terrorism." Using the language of war and emphasizing the need to oppose "the enemy within," ICE and other federal policing agencies have increased their impunity to carry out mass raids using tear gas, pepper balls, flash bang grenades, brutality and arrests against workers, community members and protesters.
The brutality is such that a judge in Chicago has ruled that ICE cannot use tear gas and similar weapons without showing justification and giving two warnings to protesters. The judge, finding ICE did not adhere to the ruling, has now ordered ICE agents to wear body cameras, for evidence of adherence to the orders.
That the raids and brutality will continue protesters have little doubt. Undaunted by the repression, people everywhere are stepping up their organized resistance and rapid response networks, defending the rights of immigrants and all those being detained, beaten, arrested and deported.
(With files provided by Neal Resnikoff. Photo: @paul_goyette)
Government Black Site "Alligator Alcatraz" Disappearing Hundreds
"Alligator Alcatraz," which was
supposed to shut down after a lawsuit by the Miccosukee Tribe and an
alliance of environmental groups succeeded, is back operating at its
nearly full capacity of 3,000 people illegally detained. Located in the
Florida everglades, in hurricane season, it remains unsafe with
horrendous conditions where people are packed in cages in tents, unable
to tell if it is day or night.[1]
The people being detained have also filed another lawsuit, demanding
that their rights to see their lawyers, due process and for decent food
and medical care be met.
Instead, hundreds have been disappeared without the knowledge of families or lawyers, and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) refuses to provide information. Sometimes, the disappeared have been deported without trials or even the minimal due process and families and lawyers only find out afterward. Others have been found weeks later at distant detention camps elsewhere in the country. Some have been disappeared and there is no knowledge of their whereabouts.
The
federal government is putting "Alligator Alcatraz" forward as a "model"
for other states to follow. As one of the advocates fighting for the
workers detained put it, "This mismanaged state-run facility is
essentially operating like a U.S. black site, people are being
disappeared, and the cruelty and chaos is by design." This is
consistent with efforts by the presidency to impose war-like
conditions, as is occurring in Portland, Chicago, DC, and Los Angeles,
while securing the support of government officials in as many states as
possible. Florida and Texas governors are among those joining the
federal militarization, and what Trump calls "the war from within,"
including these unjust and illegal "black sites."
The corruption of the courts is also on display in this case. "Alcatraz" is persisting because a federal appeals court overturned the judge who initially ruled it must be shut down as it was unsafe and violated federal environmental laws. The appeals court falsely claimed "Alcatraz" was a "state" project and did not come under federal laws concerning the environment. In fact, Florida got $608 million from the Federal Emergency Management Agency for "Alligator Alcatraz" and other ICE-related projects
Organized resistance has continued, demanding that the detention camp be closed. Lawyers and activists are also fighting to visit with the workers detained and secure their release.
Note
1. See "Protests Against 'Alligator Alcatraz' Detention Camp in South Florida," TML Supplement, July 14, 2025.
(To access articles individually click on the black headline.)
Website: www.cpcml.ca Email: editor@cpcml.ca